L293d Motor Driver:

The L293D is a popular integrated circuit (IC) used as a motor driver or H-bridge. It's commonly used to control the direction and speed of DC motors, particularly in robotics and other electronic projects. Here are some key features and information about the L293D motor driver:

1. H-Bridge Configuration: The L293D contains two H-bridges, allowing it to control two DC motors independently. An H-bridge is a circuit that allows a motor to be driven in both directions (forward and reverse).
2. Motor Voltage: The L293D can handle motor voltages up to 36 volts. This makes it suitable for a wide range of motors, especially in low to moderate power applications.
3. Current Handling: The L293D has a current rating of about 600mA per channel and can handle peak currents up to 1.2A per channel. It is important to consider the motor current requirements to ensure the L293D can handle the load.
4. Control Logic: The control logic for the L293D is straightforward. It accepts input signals (logic high or low) to control the direction (forward or reverse) and enable/disable the motors.
5. Built-in Diodes: The L293D has built-in diodes (also known as freewheeling diodes) to protect the circuit from voltage spikes generated by the motor when it is turned off.
6. Thermal Protection: Some versions of the L293D include thermal shutdown protection to prevent the IC from overheating.
7. Common Ground: The motor driver requires a common ground between the control circuit (microcontroller, for example) and the motor power supply.

Here's a simple example of the pinout:

• 1, 9, 16 (Vs): Motor power supply (typically connected to the motor voltage).
• 4, 5, 12 (Vss): Logic power supply (typically connected to the microcontroller's power supply).
• 2, 7, 10, 15 (Enable and Input Pins): These are the control pins for the H-bridges, used to control the direction and enable/disable the motors.